Analysis Of The Poem Persimmons By Li- Young Lee

Li- Young Lee, â€Å"Persimmons† Analysis. The poem â€Å"Persimmons† by Li- Young Lee tells the story about the poet’s life, flashing back to his early childhood and adulthood having trouble adjusting to the English language. English was not his first language, which caused more confusion than understanding of new words. Persimmons shows how words can mean different things, but also how when someone truly loves you, some opposite words can have the same meaning. The poet is bashed by his sixth-grade teacher Mrs. Walker, but with the help of his mother and father he can overcome English boundaries and gain knowledge through their love. Persimmons is a free verse lyric poem from which the poet himself tells the story.†¦show more content†¦Ã¢â‚¬Å"I part her legs, remember to tell her she is beautiful as the moon.† (26-28) In stanza four the poet is flashing back to his childhood and telling us some other words that he got in trouble for. â€Å"Other words that got me into trouble were fight and fright, wren and yarn.† (29-31) Even though he got in trouble by his teacher for not knowing the words, his mother helped him understand them in a different way. â€Å"Wren are small, plain birds.† (34) â€Å"My mother made birds out of yarn.† (37) Here he is shown how two different things can become the same thing. In stanza seven, Mrs. Walker has brought a persimmon to class. She cuts it up but the poet can clearly see that it isn’t ripe, so he doesn’t eat any. In the moment, he has more knowledge of the persimmon than his classmates and his teacher. Mrs. Walker calls it â€Å"a Chinese apple.† (43) She is attempting to take something that is not predominantly American, nor does it even look like an apple but labels it the same way. To the poet this is insulting because as we learned in stanza two, the art of the persimmon is much more deep to him and his culture. â€Å"My mother said that eve ry persimmon has a sun inside, something golden, glowing, warm as my face.† (46-48) The following stanza nine, the poet has found two persimmons wrapped in newspaper in the cellar. He takes them and puts them in his windowsill to ripen. Again, the persimmons are an important symbol because in stanzaShow MoreRelatedLiterary Analysis Of Persimmons1341 Words   |  6 Pages In Li-Young Lee’s poem, Persimmons, he tells the story of the speaker in an episodic manner to convey how the chapters of life are intertwined and the impact they all have on one another. This is a free verse poem and lends itself to the assumption of being autobiographical. It begins with the speaker in sixth grade being lectured by his teacher for not knowing the difference between â€Å"persimmon† and â€Å"precision.† It sharply transitions into discussing the art of eating a persimmon. The poem thenRead More Analysis of Li-Young Lee’s Persimmons Essay852 Words   |  4 Pages Analysis of Li-Young Lee’s Persimmons The speaker in Li-Young Lee’s poem â€Å"Persimmons† has been clearly raised in a bi-lingual, bi-cultural atmosphere. His experiences, although not entirely positive, have helped him grow into the man he is today. By using sensory imagery and â€Å"precise† diction along with the informal stanza structure, the speaker shows the reader that, despite his bi-cultural past, he now has realized, thanks to his experiences, that some of the most important things are notRead MoreConfucianism in Journey to the West31834 Words   |  128 PagesUniversity of Leiden 14 June 2012 Department: Language and Culture of China Course: Visual Political Communication (BA3) Semester: Summer Semester 2011/2012 Lecturer: Florian Schneider Journey to the West A Textual-Visual Discourse Analysis Name: Stefan Ruijsch (Student No. 0620203) Major: Chinese Studies, BA 3 E-mail: s.ruijsch@umail.leidenuniv.nl Phone: 06-48369645 Address: Vrijheidslaan 256, 2321 DP Leiden Word Count: 9,387 Table of Contents page

The Napster and Grokster Cases Differences and Similarities

Along with the development of a file format (MP3) to store digital audio recordings, came one of the new millennium’s most continuous debates – peer-to-peer piracy – file sharing. Internet companies such as Napster and Grokster became involved in notable legal cases in regards to copyright laws in cyberspace. These two cases are similar in nature, yet decidedly different. In order to understand the differences and similarities, one should have an understanding of each case as well as the court’s ruling. According to the text A Gift of Fire, Napster â€Å"opened on the Web in 1999 as a service that allowed its users to copy songs in MP3 files from the hard disks of other users† (Baase, 2013, p. 192, Section 4.1.6 Sharing Music: The†¦show more content†¦Louis School of Law, â€Å"Washington Law Blog†, Case Study: A M Records v. Napster, Inc., para. 1). Napster did not stay in business long after the higher courts ruling. This case was quickly followed by another well-know copyright infringement through free software situation. As John Zelezny’s text, Communications Law: Liberties, Restraints, and the Modern Media, notes, â€Å"two companies, Grokster and StreamCast Networks, distributed free software that allowed users to share digital files through peer-to-peer networks where personal computers communicated directly with each other and not through a central service† (Communications Law: Liberties, Restraints and the Modern Media, 2011, p. 360). The entertainment industry expressed its displeasure when Metro-Goldwyn Mayer (MGM) and â€Å"other film studios, songwriters, music publishers and recording companies filed suit against both Grokster and the StreamCast Network† (Communications Law: Liberties, Restraints and the Modern Media, 2011, p. 360). This landmark case made its way to the hallowed halls of the United States Supreme Court after the higher court granted review of the lower federal courts decision to side with the defendants (Grokster and StreamCast). Thus was born the case MGM v. Grokster, 545 U.S. 913 (2005). The Supreme Court under began hearing arguments in this case inShow MoreRelatedMarketing and E-commerce Business65852 Words   |  264 PagesListing of Chapter Opening Cases, Insight Cases, E-commerce in Action Cases, and Case Studies CHAPTER 1 THE REVOLUTION IS JUST BEGINNING Opening Case: Pinterest: A Picture Is Worth a Thousand Words Insight on Technology: Will Apps Make the Web Irrelevant? Insight on Business: Start-Up Boot Camp Insight on Society: Facebook and the Age of Privacy Case Study: The Pirate Bay: Searching for a Safe Haven CHAPTER 2 E-COMMERCE BUSINESS MODELS AND CONCEPTS Opening Case: Twitter’s Business Model

Why Did Japan Attack Pearl Harbor free essay sample

Many hypotheses and theories exist for why that fateful day occurred in history. Was Japan trying to take over the world and the United States stood in their way? Did we deserve this? I believe Japan attacked Pearl Harbor for a combination of reasons. War is never simple and I have to believe that it is never just the fault of one. I believe that the combination of a breakdown of relations with the US, Japan’s imperialistic actions, and the US’s restriction on trade with Japan lit the fuse that resulted in the bombing of Pearl Harbor. I believe a breakdown of relations between the US and Japan was a contributing factor to the bombing of Pearl Harbor. In 1919 world leaders met to form a League of Nations to solve the world’s problems, however the United States failed to join. Some American leaders did not want to get involved with the problems of the world. We will write a custom essay sample on Why Did Japan Attack Pearl Harbor? or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page This shocked and disappointed some of Japan’s leaders. Further, in 1924 the US passed The Immigration Quota Act. This act affected much more than just Japan; it affected immigrants coming from eastern and southern Europe, India, and China. The Japanese wrote back in a newspaper article about this new act and how they were humiliated by it. â€Å"There is no denying that the adoption by the American Senate of the exclusion amendment to the Immigration bill has given a shock to the whole Japanese race such as has never before been felt†¦. The Senate has passed, with an almost overwhelming majority, an amendment they know is a most humiliating one to the Japanese race. † This amendment offended the Japanese and placed a barrier on already strained relations with the US. I believe another contributing factor to the bombing of Pearl Harbor was Japan’s imperialistic actions. Japan was becoming an aggressor. In 1932 Japan created a puppet state in Manchuria which caused conflict with China. After leaving the League of Nations, in 1937 Japan invaded China. Though small they were quickly establishing themselves as a concern to the US. To further aggravate an already unsteady situation, in September 1940, Japan signed a three-way pact with Nazi Germany and Italy. The US could not afford to fight a war on two fronts. I believe the final contributing factor was the US’s restriction on trade with Japan. In 1939, the US restricted the trade of aircraft and aircraft parts to Japan. In 1941, the US stopped all trade of oil, steel, and scrap iron. Japan feared that in two years they would have no petroleum for their military and their ships would stop moving. Japan further feared that, without action, a strengthening of American defenses in the South Pacific and an expansion of the American fleet would cause Japan to become a third class nation. Earlier, in 1940, the US had taken precautious measures and moved its fleet from California to Pearl Harbor, Hawaii, the closest American territory to Japan at that time. In July of the same year, Congress passed the Naval Expansion Act which promised the fleet would triple by 1944. A year later the US temporarily stopped all the Japanese bank accounts and by August, stopped the trade of oil. I believe that the combination of a breakdown of relations with the US, Japan’s imperialistic actions, and the US’s restriction on trade with Japan lit the fuse that resulted in the bombing of Pearl Harbor. Would the outcome have been different if just one of these factors not occurred; or would war have still been inevitable? I can only hope that we have learned from the mistakes of the past so that we can avoid another fateful day in our future.

Julius Essays (1347 words) - Ancient Rome, 1st Millennium BC

Julius Caesar Julius Caesar, a Roman general and statesman, laid the foundations of the Roman imperial system. Born in Rome on July 12 or 13, 100 BC, Caesar belonged to the prestigious Julian clan; yet from early childhood he knew controversy. His uncle by marriage was Gaius Marius, leader of the Populares. This party supported agrarian reform and was opposed by the reactionary Optimates, a senatorial faction. Marius was seven times consul (chief magistrate), and the last year he held office, just before his death in 86 BC, he exacted a terrifying toll on the Optimates. At the same time he saw to it that young Caesar was appointed flamen dialis, one of an archaic priesthood with no power. This identified him with his uncle's extremist politics, and his marriage in 84 BC to Cornelia, the daughter of Marius's associate, Cinna, further confirmed him as a radical. When Lucius Cornelius Sulla, Marius's enemy and leader of the Optimates, was made dictator in 82 BC, he issued a list of enemies to be executed. Although Caesar was not harmed, he was ordered by Sulla to divorce Cornelia. Refusing that order, he found it prudent to leave Rome. He did not return to the city until 78 BC, after Sulla's resignation. Caesar was now 22 years old. Unable to gain office, he left Rome again and went to Rhodes, where he studied rhetoric; he returned to Rome in 73 BC, a very persuasive speaker. The year before, while still absent, he had been elected to the pontificate, an important college of Roman priests. In 71 BC Pompey the Great, who had earned his epithet in service under Sulla, returned to Rome, having defeated the rebellious Populares general Sertorius in Spain. At the same time Marcus Licinius Crassus, a rich patrician, suppressed the slave revolt in Italy led by Spartacus. Pompey and Crassus both ran for the consulship?an office held by two men?in 70 BC. Pompey, who by this time had changed sides, was technically ineligible, but with Caesar's help he won the office. Crassus became the other consul. In 69 BC, Caesar was elected quaestor and in 65 BC he was in charge of public events, gaining great popularity for his lavish gladiatorial games. To pay for these, he borrowed money from Crassus. This united the two men, who also found common cause with Pompey. When Caesar returned to Rome in 60 BC after a year as governor of Spain, he joined forces with Crassus and Pompey in a three-way alliance known as the First Triumvirate; to cement their relationship further, Caesar gave his daughter Julia to Pompey in marriage. Thus backed, Caesar was elected consul for 59BC despite Optimate hostility, and the year after (58 BC) he was appointed governor of Roman Gaul. At that time Celtic Gaul, to the north, was still independent, but the Aedui, a tribe of Roman allies, appealed to Caesar for help against another Gallic people, the Helvetii, during the first year of his governorship. Caesar marched into Celtic Gaul with six legions, defeated the Helvetii, and forced them to return to their home area. Next, he crushed Germanic forces under Ariovistus (flourished about 71-58 BC). By 57 BC, following the defeat of the Nervii, Rome was in control of northern Gaul. (A last revolt of the Gauls, led by Vercingetorix, was suppressed in 52 BC.) While Caesar was in Gaul, his agents attempted to dominate politics in Rome. This, however, threatened Pompey's position, and it became necessary for the triumvirs to arrange a meeting at Luca in 56 BC, which brought about a temporary reconciliation. It was decided that Caesar would continue in Gaul for another five years, while Pompey and Crassus would both be consuls for 55 BC; after that, each would have proconsular control of provinces. Caesar then went off to raid Britain and put down a revolt in Gaul. Crassus, ever eager for military glory, went to his post in Syria. Provoking a war with the Parthian Empire, he was defeated and killed at Carrhae in 53 BC. This removed the last buffer between Caesar and Pompey; their family ties had been broken by the death of Julia in 54 BC. In 52 BC, with Crassus out of the way, Pompey was made sole consul. Combined with his other powers, this gave him a formidable position. Jealous of his younger rival, he determined to break Caesar's power, an objective that could not be achieved without first depriving him of his command in Gaul. In order to protect himself, Caesar suggested that

10 estados que pagan más y menos impuestos al salario

10 estados que pagan ms y menos impuestos al salario En los 50 estados de Estados Unidos se pagan los mismos impuestos federales. Pero los impuestos a las ventas, sobre la propiedad y al salario –conocidos en algunos paà ­ses como a la renta o sobre los ingresos– pueden ser ms altos o ms bajos segà ºn el estado o, incluso, de las ciudades. Por esta razà ³n los nuevos emigrantes o los empresarios que deseen iniciar una actividad econà ³mica en el paà ­s deberà ­an tener en cuenta este factor a la hora de decidir dà ³nde vivir o donde abrir un negocio. Ya que hay que contar siempre con el dinero que hay que pagar en concepto de impuestos. Ya que existen impuestos estatales y tambià ©n locales es difà ­cil hacer una comparacià ³n y por ello se sigue en este artà ­culos los clculos realizados por la The Tax Foundation. En este artà ­culo se informa de los 10 estados en los que ms impuestos estatales al salario se pagan y los 10 que menos gravan a los residentes por este concepto. Adems, se incluye un listado de los condados con impuestos a la propiedad ms altos y ms bajos y, finalmente en quà © 10 ciudades se soporta la mayor carga impositiva. Este artà ­culo finaliza con un apartado dedicado a quià ©n es considerado residente fiscal en Estados Unidos y, por lo tanto, est obligado a pagar impuestos.  ¿Sabà ­a usted? En Estados Unidos el pago de impuestos varà ­a dependiendo del lugar adonde viva. El gobierno federal cobra impuestos sobre los ingresos y estos se pagan por igual en los 50 estados de EE.UU.Cada estado tambià ©n tiene la potestad de cobrar impuestos sobre los ingresos y sobre las ventas, y estos varà ­an segà ºn el estado. Los gobiernos locales, ya sea la ciudad o el condado, cobran impuestos sobre las propiedades. El porcentaje a pagar depende de la localidad donde se viva, y puede variar enormemente en un mismo estado. 10 estados donde se pagan menos impuestos al salario En la actualidad, un total de 7 estados no tienen impuesto al salario. Son los siguientes: AlaskaDakota del SurFloridaNevadaTexasWashingtonWyoming Adems, 2 estados no graban al salario aunque sà ­ tienen un impuesto sobre intereses y dividendos. Son los siguientes: Nuevo HampshireTennessee Finalmente, en Pennsylvania sà ­ hay impuestos al salario pero estn limitados al 3,07%. Destacar que como regla general los estados que menos impuestos cobran son, al mismo tiempo, los que menos servicios sociales brindan. Hay una correlacià ³n importante en este punto, si bien el mà ­nimo en asistencia social que se fija por ley federal es igual en todos los estados. 10 estados en los que se pagan ms impuestos al salario Cabe destacar que a la hora de pagar los impuestos hay que sumar a mayores los federales que son iguales en todo el paà ­s. Adems resaltar que cada estado tiene sus propias reglas sobre exenciones, deducciones y crà ©ditos a la hora de gravar a sus residentes. California: 13,3%Hawaii: 11%Oregà ³n: 9,9%Minnesota: 9,85%Iowa: 8,98%New Jersey: 8,97%Vermont: 8,95%D.C., que no es un estado pero se incluye por ser la capital del paà ­s: 8.95%Nueva York: 8,82%Wisconsin: 7,65% Adems, Nueva York y Nueva Jersey se encuentran entre los estados que ms graban a los negocios.  ¿Dà ³nde se pagan ms y menos impuestos sobre las propiedades en EE.UU.? El impuesto sobre la propiedad es local, es decir, no depende ni del gobierno federal ni del estado. En la actualidad 3 condados en Nueva Jersey son los que ms pagan en este concepto: Passaic: 8,79% de los ingresosEssex: 8,25%Union: 8,13% Por el contrario, 3 parroquias en Louisiana son los lugares en los que menos se paga en concepto de impuesto a la propiedad: Grant Parish: 0,26%Assumption Parish: 0,26%Vernon Parish: 0,25% 10 ciudades en las que ms impuestos se paga en EE.UU. La combinacià ³n de impuestos federales, estatales, locales a la propiedad, a las ventas, a la gasolina y otros impuestos locales hace que las siguientes sean las 10 ciudades donde realmente se pagan ms impuestos, de mayor a menor: Bridgeport, ConnecticutPhiladelphia, PennsylvaniaMilwaukee, WisconsinPorland, MaineProvidence, Rhode IslandColumbus, OhioBaltimore, MarylandLouisville, KentuckyDetroit, MichiganWilmington, Delaware  ¿Cundo se pagan los impuestos federales? Para la mayorà ­a de las personas se presentan sà ³lo una vez al aà ±o y conjuntamente las planillas federales y las estatales y serà ­a cualquier dà ­a antes del 15 de abril o ese dà ­a.   Pero dependiendo de las circunstancias, de si se tiene una empresa o se es freelance, o de si se es ciudadano estadounidense pero se reside habitualmente fuera de los Estados Unidos, etc, hay otras fechas que respetar. Quià ©nes deben pagar impuestos Todas las personas con residencia fiscal en Estados Unidos deben pagar impuestos. Y hay que tener presente que la residencia fiscal y la migratoria son cosas muy distintas. Asà ­, un inmigrante indocumentado no tiene estatus legal, pero sà ­ est obligado a pagar impuestos por sus ingresos. Muchos  utilizan un nà ºmero de ITIN  para cumplir con esta obligacià ³n, aunque en principio no est pensado para este fin. Como es un tema muy delicado, lo ms prudente y aconsejable es hablar con un fiscalista y/o un abogado de inmigracià ³n. Los residentes permanentes legales y los ciudadanos americanos estn obligados a pagar impuestos en Estados Unidos por todos sus ingresos, aà ºn cuando estos se generen en el exterior. Esto tambià ©n aplica a los ciudadanos estadounidenses que viven temporal o definitivamente en otro paà ­s, es decir, a los expatriados. Esto no quiere decir necesariamente que tengan que pagar, pero sà ­ que hay una obligacià ³n de reportar y luego ya se ver segà ºn monto de ingresos y posibles acuerdos firmados entre EU y el paà ­s en el que se est viviendo. Este es un artà ­culo informativo. No es asesorà ­a legal para ningà ºn caso concreto.

Direct-Object Pronouns in Spanish

Direct-Object Pronouns in Spanish In Spanish as in English, a direct object is a noun or pronoun that is directly acted upon by a verb. In a sentence such as I see Sam, Sam is the direct object of see because Sam is who is seen. But in a sentence such as I am writing Sam a letter, Sam is the indirect objects. The item being written is letter, so it is the direct object. Sam is the indirect object as one who is affected by the verbs action on the direct object. A difference with Spanish, however, is that the set of pronouns that can be direct objects differs slightly from those that can be indirect objects. The 8 Direct-Object Pronouns of Spanish Here are the direct-object pronouns along with the most common English translations and examples of their uses: me - me - Juan puede verme. (John can see me.)te - you (singular familiar) - No te conoce. (He doesnt know you.)lo - you (singular masculine formal), him, it - No puedo verlo. (I cant see you, or I cant see him, or I cant see it.)la - you (singular feminine formal), her, it - No puedo verla. (I cant see you, or I cant see her, or I cant see it.)nos - us - Nos conocen. (They know us.)os - you (plural familiar) - Os ayudarà ©. (I will help you.)los - you (plural formal, masculine or mixed masculine and feminine), them (masculine or mixed masculine and feminine) - Los oigo. (I hear you, or I hear them.)las - you (plural feminine formal), them (feminine) - Las oigo. (I hear you, or I hear them.) The differences between these pronouns and the indirect objects are found in the third person. The indirect third-person pronouns are le and les. Note that lo, la, los, and las can refer to either people or things. If they are referring to things, be sure to use the same gender as the name of the object being referred to. Example: Where the noun is masculine: Tengo dos boletos.  ¿Los quieres? (I have two tickets. Do you want them?)Where the noun is feminine: Tengo dos rosas.  ¿Las quieres? (I have two roses. Do you want them?) If you dont know the gender of the direct object, you should use lo or los: No sà © lo que es porque no lo vi. (I dont know what it is because I did not see it.) Word Order and Direct-Object Pronouns As you can see from the above examples, the location of a direct-object pronoun can vary. In most cases, it can be placed before the verb. Alternatively, it can be attached to an infinitive (the form of the verb that ends in -ar, -er or -ir) or a present participle (the form of the verb that ends in -ndo, often the equivalent of English verbs that end in -ing). Each sentence in the following pairs has the same meaning: No lo puedo ver, and no puedo verlo (I cant see him).Te estoy ayudando, and estoy ayudndote (I am helping you). Note that when the direct object is added to a present participle, it is necessary to add a written accent to the last syllable of the stem so that the stress is on the proper syllable. Direct-object pronouns follow affirmative commands (telling someone to do something) but precede negative commands (telling someone not to do something): està ºdialo (study it), but no lo estudies (dont study it). Note again that an accent needs to be added when adding the object to the end of positive commands. Le as a Direct Object In some parts of Spain, le can substitute for lo as a direct object when it means him but not it. Less commonly in some areas, les can substitute for los when referring to people. You can learn more about this phenomenon in the lesson on leà ­smo. Sample Sentences Showing Use of Direct Objects Direct objects are shown in boldface: Me interesa comprarlo, pero ms tarde. (I am interested in buying it, but much later. The me in this sentence is an indirect object.)Tu nariz est torcida porque tu madre la rompià ³ cuando eras nià ±o. (Your nose is bent because your mother broke it when you were a boy. La is used here because it refers to nariz, which is feminine.)Puedes vernos en el episodio 14. Nos puedes ver en el episodio 14. (You can see us in Episode 14. Both of these sentences mean the same thing, as the direct object can either come before the verbs or attached to the infinitive.)Te quiero mucho. (I love you a lot.) Key Takeaways A direct object is a noun or pronoun that is acted on directly by a verb.In Spanish, direct- and indirect-object pronouns can differ in the third person, unlike in English.When the direct object of a verb is the equivalent of it, in Spanish you need to vary the gender of the pronoun according to the gender of the noun being referred to.

Corporate Social Responsibility (Environmental Science) Essay

Corporate Social Responsibility (Environmental Science) - Essay Example It has been reported that in the last 30 years, nearly 1/3 of world's natural resources have been lost because of corporations' industrial activities. (Friends of earth) The aim of the social responsibility is to effect a higher and higher standard of living while at the same maintaining the profitability of the corporation (Hopkins) Therefore corporate social responsibility involves community, environment, ethics, human rights, responsibility in the market, vision and values, and workforce. We are immediately concerned with the environment. This involves management decision making in respect of production processes that minimise negative impacts on the environment and the costs. Environmental problems have been with us for quite a long time as a result of interaction between man and nature. In modern times, scale of the problems is unique arising from two aspects. One, rapid expansion of the world population and second ever-increasing consumption of energy and material per person in addition to the past-accumulated damage. Environment encompasses all components of our surroundings i.e. the air we breathe, the habitat we dwell in and the food and drinks we take. The energy of milk we drink originates from grass and crops driving force behind which is the solar energy, converted to chemical energy by photosynthesis. In effect the ecology around us has to be preserved. In ecologic point of view, all are interconnected i.e. the waste produced by man pollutes meadows and returned to the mankind by food chain. Different organisms i.e. man and cow compete for the same resources (crops) and one organism (man) acts as predator for another (cow). Environmental care d oes not stop at the national boundaries. Air circulation and river flows having no boundaries and migration of people and animals and large scale import and export of food, impact the environment. Pollution is the direct cause of environmental damage. The pollution may be defined as "addition by man of any substance (solid, gas or liquid) or energy to parts of the ecosystem that ultimately harm or damage man" (Boeker, Grondelle) Global warming and Ozone layer Depletion Global warming is the most dangerous threat to our environment. It occurs due to heat-trapping gases that are sent to atmosphere from our industries (factories), cars and homes. The gases sent up form a blanket forcing more heat to stay trapped near the earth's surface. More heat produces more energy in the atmosphere resulting in extreme weather conditions like droughts, storms and floods. Elsner James, Professor Florida State University on researching the past 135 years of records of Atlantic Sea surface and air temperatures, found a direct link to the intensities of hurricanes and many hurricane researchers affirm that the intensity increased 10 years ago could last for the next 25 to 40 years. (Loney Jim) Another phenomenon now coming under control after two decades of remedial measures is Ozone layer depletion, though it will be by 2049 when the 1980 levels will be restored. (Reuters) Ozone layer being part of the

Analytical Report Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2750 words - 1

Analytical Report - Essay Example All in all, there are 67 million players each month (Tassi para 1). Given its continuously growing customer base, the company should take into consideration a more direct method of communicating with its customers, in addition to its existing online community forum and e-mail support. There are two options for the company, namely: online live chat or phone call. To prevent customers from going to other online gaming sites, there are two methods for Riot to choose that will make the customer service better. The first one is to set up an online live chat for customers that need help from Riot support. The second option is providing customers a number that they could call whenever they have complaints, problems, or issues that require immediate attention. The company must choose an option that is both inexpensive and efficient. The purpose of this report is to comprehensively analyze these two options and then decide which option is better for Riot Games. The first section discusses the need for customer service expansion; the second part analyzes the weaknesses and strengths of Riot Games; the third section enumerates the pros and cons of live chat and phone call support; and the last part determines the better option. Every game company needs customer service personnel to assist players with issues, yet online games require a bigger customer service staff. In offline games, players usually require support or assistance with technical problems; for issues regarding gameplay, players can look for hints online or purchase strategy manuals (Preston 5). However, in a live, online setting, these customers want to obtain assistance directly and instantaneously, and they require assistance for a much wider array of problems than they do in an offline setting (Knapp 16). Riot Games would therefore add value to their customer service by adding another option, either live chat or phone call support. Online gaming companies are usually at the bottom in

Carroway Clothing Limited Essay Example for Free

Carroway Clothing Limited Essay Carroway Clothing Limited (CCL) is a Canadian-controlled private corporation (CCPC) that was incorporated 10 years ago. CCL follows accounting standards for private enterprises (ASPE). It is owned by two brothers, Chip and Charles Carroway, who started the company after identifying an opportunity to design and manufacture clothing with innovative fabric. The Carroway brothers have run the business together and have an equal stake in its equity. You are Rose Reddick, a recently graduated CGA assigned as team leader to complete the March 31, 20X3, financial statement audit of CCL. This is the second year that your firm has done CCL’s audit. The audit planning was completed in early March by Blake Mouton, another CGA in your firm, but he has recently announced he is resigning from the firm. Due to scheduling conflicts and an unusually busy season, he will be unable to continue with the remainder of the audit before he leaves, and you have been asked to take over leadership of the audit team. It is now late April, and the team under Blake’s supervision has completed about two-thirds of the audit field work. The audit is scheduled to be completed by May 15, and realizing that you have a limited amount of time to complete your work on this audit, you immediately begin your review of the work done to date and the available client background information. Client background The Carroway brothers started manufacturing athletic wear, utilizing new techniques in fabric treatments to increase the durability of the fabric. CCL’s range of products includes clothing lines for women and men. The products are, primarily athletic wear, but three years ago they added a line of soil-resistant work clothing. Tax losses have occurred in the early years, but sales have grown each year since the company was started. As sales increased, Chip hired a team of design specialists to create new clothing items with innovative features. This team was hired three years ago to begin the research and development required to bring new products to market. Chip also hired a marketing manager with a degree in fine arts to design the tags attached to each piece of clothing and develop the marketing programs. At the same time, specialized software was implemented to produce tags for the products. Because there are specific requirements for content and format of the tags, the production manager is the only individual with authorized access to the software. In July 20X2, CCL signed a contract to produce a line of athletic wear for Sports Shop, a small chain of sporting goods stores. The line of athletic wear features the chain’s logo and trademark colours. CCL ships product to these stores using a company truck. The contract specifies that Sports Shop is to pay for each shipment within 30 days of signed receipt of delivery. Recently, Sports Shop has disputed some of the amounts owing to CCL, maintaining that there is no proof of receipt of the shipment. When Chip questioned the CCL driver, the driver admitted that when he was running late with his deliveries, he simply dropped the shipment at the store counter and did not wait for the store manager’s signature. Chip has not provided an allowance for these receivables since the delivery was made even though there is no signature. In fact, CCL has never recorded an allowance in any fiscal year and has not had any issues with uncollectible accounts. The research and early stages of development of CCL’s products were financed by a combination of capital invested by the brothers, bank financing, and a government grant (see financial statements, Exhibit 1). Scientific Research  and Experimental Development (SRED) credits were received in 20X1 and 20X2 and have been reported as government grants for accounting purposes. The sales volume of the soil-resistant clothing is now great enough to assure the lenders and any potential investors that these products are commercially viable. In fact, based on the 20X1/X2 results, they expect the current product line to become a significant commercial success. The cost of developing this product line, called Walton Work Wear has been deferred and is being amortized (straight-line) at the rate of 10% per year starting in 20X2 (see Deferred Development Schedule, Exhibit 2). Original research costs for the Walton Work Wear products were expensed when incurred, net of grants and SRED credits. The prior-year audit file shows that this treatment of SRED credits is consistent with CCL’s reporting of all taxes (payable and recoverable), which have been accounted for on a current basis without regard to recognition of the future tax effects of any current transactions. During the past year, the brothers have turned their attention to a moisture management and odourreduction feature for the athletics tops. They are confident that within two years their current research will lead to a product line that keeps the sweat away from the skin and minimizes the impact of perspiration on the clothing. The preliminary prototype works effectively for the first several minutes, but the protection barrier degrades quickly and more work is required. This product line will be called Carroway Cool Top and is currently in the research stage only. The deferred development costs for this product line are $975,000. In order to finance completion of the new research and development of the Carroway Cool Top products, Chip Carroway expects to obtain a long-term bank loan for CCL. He is aware that this long-term bank loan will include a more stringent debt to equity covenant than the existing line of credit. He is also interested in the option of going public and issuing new shares to raise funds for future growth. However, Chip is concerned about the implications of losing some control over CCL so he is leaning towards remaining a CCPC. CCL’s chief financial officer, Jack Lawson, was the original office manager  and bookkeeper when CCL was first established, and although he has no professional accounting credentials, he does have a degree in business administration with a major in finance. He is responsible for the preparation of financial reports and is involved in all of the financing discussions. Jack has always been employed by companies which are private and he has no experience in the requirements of going public, so Chip will require additional information from you in order to be able to make an informed decision between the financing options available. CCL has grown rapidly over the last three years, after implementing its research and development activities. During 20X1, the implementation of the research and development department resulted in the hiring of many new employees in research and development, production, and administration. CCL would like to provide an incentive plan to these new employees, but is not in a position to provide a cash bonus. Therefore, CCL is considering a limited issue of stock options to its employees. The stock options would entitle an employee to acquire equity shares of CCL at $50 per share at any time starting six months after the date of their issue. Some employees are uncertain about the impact of the issue of stock options on their taxable income and are considering disposing of them immediately upon acquisition. Chip has recently been notified about a pending lawsuit and provided Blake with some preliminary details when he was at the office in March. Six months ago, the production process of one of the fabric treatments resulted in an accidental but illegal leak of chemicals into the environment. The local environmental agency objected to such a release of chemicals, and when their objections were ignored they filed a lawsuit against CCL, alleging that CCL was negligent in the release of the chemicals and in violation of environmental regulations. Chip is not concerned about this lawsuit since he notes that the amount of chemicals that leaked from CCL equipment was not significant, but he would like to know whether there are any other risks associated with this issue and how they should be dealt with. Review of audit findings to date The audit-planning file indicates that Blake assessed the inherent risk associated with this audit as low. The reasons for this assessment include the fact that this is the second year of the engagement and no audit or financial reporting problems have been uncovered in the past audit. Blake included a note that the design of the clothing tags is now being handled jointly with the marketing manager, who had persuaded the production manager to give her access to the specialized software while he was away from the office on vacation. During this time, the marketing manager redesigned the tags to include more marketing elements and minimized the font size of the list of additives used in the fabric treatment so that there was more room to describe the innovative features of the clothing. The newly designed tags have been on product for the past two months, and CCL has recently heard some feedback from concerned customers that the information about the additives is difficult to read. These customers have allergies to certain chemicals, so it is imperative they are aware of the chemicals used in the treatment of these fabrics. Another important factor influencing the risk assessment is that, in spite of operating losses in the past, CCL has never had serious cash flow problems, due to Jack’s careful business planning and the good relationship CCL has with its lender. CCL is experiencing growth in profits, indicating that the investment in the research and development department is paying off. The draft financial statements show positive net income and strong revenue, with a portion of this revenue being generated by the Walton Work Wear line of products in 20X3 (see Exhibit 1). Although no misstatements or errors have been documented in the work completed so far, you are not sure if this is because conclusions have not yet been drawn on most sections of the audit file. In addition to evaluating all of the evidence gathered so far, the following audit work still needs to be completed: review of the accounts in Exhibit 2; team leader review of all work done by subordinates; completion of the audit work on unrecorded liabilities, subsequent events, and contingencies; and review of the draft  tax returns. Once all of these steps have been completed and approval of the statements is received from the client, the schedule of unadjusted errors and final review of the financial statements must be completed. The file will then be ready for a final partner review before release of the audit report. You see from the files that Blake has used traditional sampling to sample small amounts of data for the audit and you are not comfortable basing your conclusions on the work done because with the increase in sales this year and the research and development activities, there is a large amount of data to audit. You are considering an appropriate alternative, such as generalized audit software. Upon examining the file, you realize that a number of financial reporting and potential tax issues have arisen this year that were not present in prior years. These issues and other new information have not been adequately addressed in the current-year audit plan. You believe that the client should be informed of your concerns regarding the current year’s issues as well as the implications of the financing options.

Global Economy And The Environment Essay -- essays research papers

Global Economy and the Environment As the global economy gets integrated, national or local corporations will gradually transform in to a multinational corporation (MNC). When this type of development occurs, the host countries are usually the ones that become the immediate stake holders. This is because when a MNC sets its foot into a host country, there are economic, political, social and environmental impacts that result from their corporate actions. In many cases, it is certainly possible that it can end up in a win-win situation, if the host country and the MNCUs both work mutually. However there have been unfortunate examples, where this has not been the case. In general, international agreements have its advantages, due to the fact that we can harmonize international standards. Therefore environmental concern is one of the key issues that the policy makers and MNCUs should set a high priority on. This is because growth and development is strongly correlated with environmental degradation. Furthermore, it is fair to say that the MNCUs are more likely to have a more harmful environmental impact from growth and development, as opposed to the local corporations. This is because MNCUs may not be as knowledgeable as local corporations in resource utilization and land management. This also refers to the notion of Rthe locals know their land better than anybody elseS. The tropical rain forest of Brazil is a good example of this. The RindigenousS or the local people have a g...

Convergence in Media Essay

Introduction By convergence, I mean the flow of content across multiple media platforms, the cooperation between multiple media industries, and the migratory behaviour of media audiences – (Jenkins 2006) In today’s technology focused world, convergence plays a very important part. It allows us to connect more efficiently between media platforms and technology. Throughout the in depth of study of convergence, it has become evident that convergence greatly affects to the relationship between media technologies and audiences. Technology and its devices are becoming increasingly intelligent and clever everyday, and this is because we as humans are doing the same, which can be linked to the rise to the concept of prosumption. Convergence The relationship between technology and it’s audience is as strong as it’s ever been at the present time, with us as humans constantly surrounding ourselves with it and being so dependant of it. With this growth in convergence, and the clear shift in technology, some concepts and concerns have been raised. This includes the concept of ownership, and copyright issues that so often emerge in the technology world because of the rapidly growing flow of information through channels and platforms. Introduction to Tinder The phone application called Tinder uses this theory of convergence. Tinder was created in September 2012, to originally increase social interaction between students at a University in Southern California (Empson 2013). The application uses it’s audience’s Facebook profiles to collect information such as age and the user’s photos to create a type of online dating profile. The application then uses the user’s GSP device in the phone to track other Tinder users located in a certain range to match. Prosumers As mentioned before, another concept that has arisen because of convergence is â€Å"prosumers†, which plays an important part in the relationship between technologies and their audiences. This concept relates to Tinder relatively closely. Tinder is an example of an application that improves the more that it is used. Alvin Toffler explains the concept of a â€Å"prosumer† to be a common consumer who actively helps improve or design the goods and services of the marketplace, transforming it and their roles as consumers. Within the application of Tinder, changes are constantly being made. This is because with the fast paced market of applications and the demand of new and better-improved technologies that society is showing. Companies such as Tinder need to keep up with the demand of its audience. For example, Tinder will monitor the habits and behaviour of its users, and make it easier and more pleasant for them to continue. This relates back to the importance of the relationship between the audience and the industry, as the main objective for companies such as Tinder is to keep the customer happy and satisfied with the product and service provided. At the same time, the concept of produsage can be included in the use of Tinder. Produsage Produsage is defined as the shift of users from audiences to content creators (Jenkins 2008). This concept is defining technologies such as Tinder, where the audience is technically the producers. What is meant by this is that the content that is on the application, is uploaded by the users of Tinder; photographs, information and profiles. Another aspect of produsage is that the produces of the content, which we distinguished can be the audience, are also the ones who obtain the information or material. Produsage is another aspect that enhances the relationship between technologies and their audiences. Ideologies Tinder has brought many positive aspects and concepts to the dating world of today and this mainly falls under cultural convergence. The traditional idea of â€Å"online dating† has been transformed, and this is all because of the  every changing world we live in. Since around 2002, online dating has originally been restricted to a computer, and users would each have a full profile stating all about their interests and hobbies, as well as pictures. However, on a Tinder profile, each user is allowed a maximum of 500 words to describe themselves, and a limit of 5 photos of their choice. This change in restrictions that Tinder has opted for is a reflection of the ideologies of its audience. The average of Tinder users is 27 (The Weekend Australian Magazine 2014), a clear indication that the market that Tinder is targeting is the younger generation. The creation of this easy to use app really emphasizes the culture so present in the younger generation of today of â€Å"hookups† or â€Å"casual sex†. The want for long-term relationships using online dating is slowly dying, and the demand for quick hookups is becoming increasingly evident. The whole concept of Tinder, simple and shallow has proven to be very popular with the younger generation because of this. Tinder saw a hole in the market for quick hookups, and filled it. Another feature of Tinder that makes it so much more appealing to traditional online dating is the fact that it is a mobile application, and can be used anywhere. This feature works well in the fast paced lifestyle the younger generation seems to live. Security/Surveillance As there have been mentioned, Tinder has bought many positives to the online dating market. However, there are a few issues and concerns that have been brought up about Tinder since it’s been released 2 years ago. A main issue was brought up about the security of the application. Interlude Security are a company who discovered a flaw in Tinder’s production that resulted in user’s being able to locate other people’s almost exact location, information that is supposedly kept a secret in the application (News.com 2014). This discovery caused a lot of panic through many of Tinder’s users, and also members of the general public. The flaw was eventually fixed by Tinder, however concern was still present that another security flaw could easily be found. This whole saga affected the relationship that Tinder had created with its audience and users, which could have easily, in turn, affected the popularity and success of the application. This hole in  Tinder’s system meant that the users location could be seen, which in turn, is potentially putting Tinder user’s safety at risk. As a result of the increase of flow of content within platforms, it’s easy for flaws like this to occur. Another security issue with Tinder is the on going concern about basic online safety. We as a fast paced culture are constantly looking for the fastest and easiest way to do things. Hence why Tinder was so popular so quickly, people were looking for an easier way to date. The simplicity of being able to interact with complete strangers on mobile devices is far too appealing and hence why many security issues arise. The whole idea of â€Å"catfish† has recently been brought to attention in the media recently, with many cases of fake profiles and unsafe meetings occurring from online dating. Again relating back to generational differences, online safety is a much more relaxed issue that it was 3 years ago. The fact that people are willing to allow an application to show their location to complete strangers is an indication of this. Conclusion Convergence is an on going process in today’s society and it will never end. It affects us as the audience, as well as the producers and the technologies we surround ourselves with. Whole platforms are being transformed, for example the dating world, to suit the wants and needs of the audience. Technologies are become increasingly intelligent, as its creators are which can affect us both positively and negative. Convergence will always lead to negative things such as security and copyright issues, but also the positives must be noted. References Jenkins, H 2007, Welcome To Convergence Culture, The Offical Weblog Of Henry Jenkins, weblog, 19 July, viewed 3/6/14, http://henryjenkins.org/2006/06/welcome_to_convergence_culture.html Rouse, M 2005, Definition: Convergence, WhatIs, web page, April, viewed 4/6/14, http://whatis.techtarget.com/definition/convergence Tinder (Application), Wikipedia, web page, viewed 3/6/14, http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tinder_(application_software) Empson, R 2013, Tinder: Finding Traction on Campus, Techcrunch, web article, 3 Jan, viewed 5/6/14, http://techcrunch.com/2013/01/03/tinder-finding-traction-on-campuses-hatch-labs-new-dating-app-makes-it-easy-to-break-the-ice/ Ayers, C 2014, Tinder: the app that’s setting the dating scene on fire, The Australian Magazine, web article, 31 May, viewed 5/6/14, http://www.theaustralian.com.au/news/features/tinder-the-app-thats-setting-the-dating-scene-on-fire/story-e6frg8h6-1226933263450 Moore, C 2014, BCM112 Lectures, viewed 02.06.14 https://moodle.uowplatform.edu.au/pluginfile.php/152352/mod_resource/content/2/6623.pdf Ronald, L 2014, â€Å"LucyRonald†, WordPress, viewed 03.06.14, http://lucyronald.wordpress.com/

Err Question Booklet Essay

Imagine you are a newly appointed supervisor/manager within your service. You need to update your staff handbook to reflect current employment law. Identify three different sources of information you could use to enable you to do this. 1 – Solicitors for help advice and law 2 – Current handbook 3 – www.legislation.gov.uk for up yo date and current legislation Read more: Champion equality diversity and inclusion level 5 essay Once you have identified a reliable source of information. Aii a) List three aspects of employment covered by law. 1 – Contracted hours of work 2 – Holidays/Annual leave 3 – Maternity leave b) List three main features of current employment legislation. 1 – Employment rights 2 – Equalities and Discrimination law 3 – Health and Safety legislation Aiii Briefly outline why employment law exists To regulate the relationship between employers and employees, to establish minimum standards and equality of treatment for all workers. Task B Bi Describe the terms and conditions of your employment as set out in your contract of employment or employment agreement. Place of work, confirming usual place of work but also states this can vary according to the company’s needs, without reduction in rates of pay. Hours of work, stating contracted weekly hours and excludes me from the right to limit working hours to 48 hours per week under the Working Time Regulations 1998. Pay, confirming my hourly rate of pay the date and regularity that it is paid to me. Holiday entitlement for the year and when the annual holiday period starts and finishes according to the annual calendar. Notice of absence, how to inform the company and stating that any absence over 7 days will require a medical certificate. Sick pay is not paid by the company but SSP will be paid if it is entitled to. Confidentiality, not to disclose any resident or company information including associates, potential customers, suppliers and potential suppliers. Dismissal procedure, my contract also states reasons for immediate dismissal. Notice of termination of employment, confirming the time scales requires to be given by either the employee or employer to terminate the contract of employment. Training, my contract of employment states that employees are required to undertake an NVQ training scheme, or similar, as required by CQC or other relevant bodies. Bii Describe the information which needs to be shown on your pay slip, statement. Your pay slip to show your full name, the name of the company you work for, your tax code and national insurance number, the date in which payment is to made and sometimes it will show the method of payment. It should also have details of you gross and net pay, any deductions made to your gross pay and a summary of gross and net pay and any national insurance deductions for the current tax year to date. Biii Identify two changes to personal information on which you must report to your employer. You inform your employer if your name or address changes, also if you receive any criminal convictions these must be disclosed immediately. Biv Describe the procedure to follow if you wanted to raise a grievance at work. In the first instance you must try, if willing and confident, to resolve the issue directly and verbally. If this is not possible or you don’t feel able to do this then an informal confidential meeting should be had with your manager, if the issue is with your manager then this should be with the regional operations manager. This meeting should give you the opportunity to raise your grievance advising of the issue or issues you have, giving names and places if necessary. If the manager feels the grievance is serious enough or if you are not happy with the outcome of an informal meeting then a formal procedure can be taken. Once a decision has been made to make a formal complaint then the complainant should put this in writing to the manager, giving as many facts as possible about the complaint. The manager should then investigate the facts using all resources available, including interviews with any persons named in the complaint including any witnesses. Any persons to be interviewed should be advised in writing giving the time and place the interview is to be held, and they will be entitled to have somebody accompany them, this could be either a colleague or trade union official. Once the formal complaint has been investigated then any outcomes or actions should be advised in writing without unreasonable delay. If you are not happy with the outcome of the formal complaint then you have the right to appeal, this should be done in writing stating the reasons for appeal. A meeting should be arranged as soon as possible and your employer should give you all the details of this in writing. If you are still not satisfied after an appeal then you can raise your complaint to an employment tribunal if you wish. Bv Explain the agreed ways of working with your employer in relation to the following areas: 1 – Data protection To take all reasonable steps to ensure confidential information is kept safe and secure and not passed on to anyone without consent. 2 – Grievance To follow the company policy and procedure, talk to manager or put grievance  in writing in the agreed manner. 3 – Conflict management To avoid conflict were possible, to follow company procedure of documentation of any behavioural issues. To store such information were agreed so this is accessible by management and agreed staff. 4 – Anti – discriminatory practice To follow the company policy to not discriminate on grounds of race, gender, sexual orientation, culture, religion or disability. To value and respect all colleagues, residents and visitors. 5 – Health and Safety To follow all Health and Safety policies and procedures and undertake all training given. To take care of your own health and safety and that of others wherever possible. 6 – Confidentiality To take reasonable steps to ensure information about individuals, company or company associates is kept safe and not disclosed unless otherwise agreed by the individual or company. 7 – Whistleblowing To disclose any matters of concern in confidence, without recrimination for disclosure. This can be reported to management or other governing bodies if necessary. Bvi Explain how your role contributes to the overall delivery of the service provided. As a support worker I provide both practical and emotional care and support to residents whilst maintaining the companies’ policies and procedures. I help to build care plans of the residents by documenting and reporting the physical and emotional needs and support given to individual residents. This helps to maintain up to date information of individual requirements meaning that each resident can be as independent as possible but also get the correct level of support they need. Bvii Explain how you could influence the quality of the service provided by ; a) Following best practice within your work role By following best practice in my work role I can give high quality of care  and influence my colleagues to do the same, resulting in best practices being followed as a normal way of working. This can result in a happy and safe living environment for the residents and a less stressful work environment for the staff, in turn the reputation of the home will be positive. b) Not carrying out the requirements of your role If I do not carry out the requirements of my job role, this could result in poor care being given and the living environment for the residents not being happy or safe. I could have a negative effect on my colleagues or even influence them to work to poor standards resulting in the health, both physical and emotional of all persons using the home being effected in a negative way. The home may not be efficient and could possible fall below standards set by the company or other governing bodies such as the Care Quality Commission. Bviii Describe how your own work must be influenced by National factors such as Codes of Practice, National Occupational Standards, Legislation and Government Initiatives.

And Justice For All essays

And Justice For All essays Throughout modern American culture certain laws passed by the majority have been considered unjust by a wise minority. However, with the logical and emotional appeal of hard fought battles, voices have been heard, and the minds of the majority can sometimes be converted to see the truth. Thoreau, after spending a night in jail and seeing the truth hidden behind the propaganda of the majority, became convinced that he could no longer accept his governments behavior of passing laws that benefit the majority with degrading the minority. Its quite ironic that by the government imprisoning Thoreau he became freer then ever before. He was able to see how the government turned peaceably inclined men into controllable machines. Thoreau saw how the government dealt with its citizens as only a body, while completely disregarding the sense, intellect, and moral beliefs of its people. In his essay Civil Disobedience, Thoreau stated that a government ruled by majority in all cases cannot be based on justice. He further believed that under a government which imprisons any unjustly, the true place for a just man is also prison. This point made by Thoreau can be seen as the truth throughout history. A just man never sits by quietly watching the majority degrade the minority to suit their own immoral purposes. Like Thoreau, another just man who stood out from the quiet minority was Dr. Martin Luther King Jr. King was, as well, willing to suffer for his views to put an end to racial segregation, and was arrested on numerous occasions for holding strong in his believes and spreading his message throughout the minds of all Gods children. King often cited conscience as a guide to obeying just laws and disobeying unjust ones. In an essay written by King titled A letter from Birmingham Jail, King clearly defines the interpretation of the differerence between the two kin...

Private Day Schools in New York City

Private Day Schools in New York City There are more than 2,000 private schools in New York state, with approximately 200 of those private schools in New York City. Check out this sampling of day schools offerings grades 9-12 with low student to faculty ratios, challenging curricula and excellent reputations for college prep. The schools are coed unless otherwise noted. Many offer early grades as well.   This list is presented in alphabetical order by location. Downtown Friends Seminary Address: 222 E 16th Street, New York, NY, 10003Religious Affiliation: Friends (Quaker)Teachers to Students Ratio: 1:6Tuition: $41,750 Comments: This fine old Quaker school has been around since 1786. In the 2015-2016 academic year, over $4.8 million in  financial aid  was awarded to approximately 22% of the student body at this selective school. Grace Church School Address: 46 Cooper Square, New York, NYReligious Affiliation: EpiscopalTeachers to Students Ratio: 1:5Tuition: $44,000 East Side The Beekman School Address: 220 East 50th Street, New York, NY, 10022Religious Affiliation: NonsectarianTeachers to Students Ratio: 1:4Tuition: $38,000 Comments: If your child is an actor and needs a special school schedule to accommodate his schedule, The Tutoring School section of The Beekman School might be the answer. Birch Wathen Lenox School Address: 210 E 77th Street, New York, NY, 10021Religious Affiliation: NonsectarianTeachers to Students Ratio: 1:7Tuition: $43,479 Comments: BWL is the outcome of The Birch Wathen School combining with The Lenox School in 1991. The school now offers a science initiative, including seminars for Women in Science Education and college-level research opportunities. The Brearley School (All girls) Address: 610 East 83rd Street, New York, NY, 10028Religious Affiliation: NonsectarianTeachers to Students Ratio: 1:7Tuition: $43,680 Comments: The Brearley School was founded in 1884. This prestigious girls school offers serious college preparatory studies as well as a host of extracurricular activities and sports. A highly selective school. Convent of The Sacred Heart (All girls) Address: 1 East 91st Street, New York, NY, 10128Religious Affiliation: Roman CatholicTeachers to Students Ratio: 1:8Tuition: Varies by Grade, Highest is $44,735 Comments: Take a look at the top colleges CSHs grads go to. Then you will understand why this is a serious college prep institution. Solid academics. Conservative Catholic values. Selective admissions. Dalton School Address: 108 E 89th Street, New York, NY, 10128Religious Affiliation: NonsectarianTeachers to Students Ratio: 1:5Tuition: $38,710 Comments: This is one of the original progressive schools. Founded by Helen Parkhurst, Dalton remains true to her missions and philosophy. This is a very selective school. Only 14% of applicants were accepted in 2008. Loyola School Address: 980 Park Avenue, New York, NY, 10028Religious Affiliation: Roman CatholicTeachers to Students Ratio: 1:8Tuition: $35,800 Comments: Rigorous Jesuit education for young men and women. Upper East Side location. Lycee Francais De New York Address: 505 East 75th Street, New York, NY, 10021Religious Affiliation: NonsectarianTeachers to Students Ratio: 1:10Tuition: $32,950 Comments: Lycee has been offering a French education since 1935. It prides itself on producing citizens of the world. Nightingale-Bamford School Address: 20 East 92nd Street, New York, NY, 10128Religious Affiliation: NonsectarianTeachers to Students Ratio: 1:6Tuition: $44,400 Comments: Ignore the caricature of the school as seen on Gossip Girls and focus on the reality that this is a highly successful, very selective girls school. One of Manhattans top private schools. Rudolf Steiner School Address: 15 East 79th Street, New York, NY, 10021Religious Affiliation: NonsectarianTeachers to Students Ratio: 1:8Tuition: Varies by grade, Highest Tuition is $44,500 Comments: The Steiner School is the first Waldorf school in North America. The school has two buildings in Manhattan to house the lower and upper schools. The Spence School (All girls) Address: 22 E 91st Street, New York, NY, 10128-0101Religious Affiliation: Non-sectarianTeachers to Students Ratio: 1:7Tuition: $43,000 Comments: Rigorous academics at this top Manhattan girls school. Graduates go on to the top tier colleges everywhere. A selective school. United Nations International School Address: 2450 FDR Drive, New York, NY, 10010Religious Affiliation: NonsectarianTeachers to Students Ratio: 1:7Tuition: Varies by grade, Max tuition is $38,500 UNIS is a large school serving the diplomatic and expat community in Manhattan. UNIS also is an IB school. West Side Collegiate School (All boys) Address: 260 West 78th Street, New York, NY, 10024Religious Affiliation: NonsectarianTeachers to Students Ratio: 1:5Tuition: $41,370 Comments: Americas oldest independent school was founded in 1628. If you are considering a Manhattan boys school, Collegiate is one of the best schools in the country. Columbia Grammar and Preparatory School Address: 5 W 93rd Street, New York, NY, 10025Religious Affiliation: NonsectarianTeachers to Students Ratio: 1:6Tuition: $38,340 One of the oldest private schools in New York the school has one of the finest academic and college prep programs available. This is a selective school. The Dwight School Address: 291 Central Park West, New York, NY, 10024Religious Affiliation: NonsectarianTeachers to Students Ratio: 1:5Tuition: $39,650 Comments: Dwight offers an unusual amalgam of internationalism and civic awareness. The school is the only New York City school to offer the International Baccalaureate at all three levels. Professional Childrens School Address: 132 West 60th Street, New York, NY, 10024Religious Affiliation: NonsectarianTeachers to Students Ratio: 1:8Tuition: $38,300 Comments: PCS offers flexible, concentrated schedules so its students can pursue their professional careers and/or training. Trinity School Address: 139 West 91st Street, New York, NY, 10024-0100Religious Affiliation: EpiscopalTeachers to Students Ratio: 1:7Tuition: $41,370 Comments: Trinity was founded in 1709. The school has nearly 1,000 students and is a highly selective school. They are known for offering educational programs for both body and mind. Other Locations The Masters School  (approx. 12 miles from Manhattan) Address: 49 Clinton Avenue, Dobbs Ferry, NYReligious Affiliation: NoneTeachers to Students Ratio: 1:12Tuition: $41,00-$59,500 Comments:  Masters is 35 minutes from Manhattan and offers private busing from the East and West side of Manhattan.

My nursing ethics as a nurse Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

My nursing ethics as a nurse - Essay Example Man in his supreme mental capacity has made life in a more survival state but the question of ethical and moral acceptability has been raised since man intervened with life’s natural process. Nurses and other health care professionals are the ones in the frontline of bridging man’s full health potential thus making life even longer. On a personal point of view, the degree of respect to life as a health care professional is at its utmost. The scope of nursing as well as medical practice has opened ideal views of life in its respect to health that is catered to all individuals regardless of gender, color and race, thus no life is to be spared (The President’s Council on Bioethics, 2003; US National Library of Medicine, 2012 ). Ethically and morally, the figure of a nurse upholds life’s dignity but differences in beliefs, morals and character brings out different stories. Practice in the scope of nursing is complex but the complexities did not stop nurses fro m being true advocates of health. Instead the healthcare world developed codes to clearly define the scope of acceptable practice, thus no one will be placed neither above nor below it. As a nurse, The Code of Ethics for Nurses, have personally shaped me into becoming the ideal nurse as an advocate of life and health. It provides nurses with a framework to use in ethical analysis and decision making. Hence it establishes the ethical standard for the practice of nursing defining what is acceptable in the ethical views that does not favor any group, religion or status but only favors the value of life and service (American Nurses Association, 2010). Personally the values that have greatly influenced my view and philosophy of nursing are respect for human life, compassion, professionalism, social responsibility and dedication. All these values were not inherent but were rather acquired during the nursing degree. Respect for human life has always been there and the joy it brings when sa ving someone’s life out of danger and potential harm by means of service and compassion is priceless. Social responsibility is a very important value to be an effective nurse. It is being an advocate of one another stating that responsibility does not end with one person alone but extends to the whole society and one must act accordingly to contribute for the greater good. This distinguishes a nurse who does work over time because service is needed from the nurse who does over time work because monetary value is considered. Nursing is a vocation rather than a profession, to be an effective nurse is to understand that your service is no longer yours nor to the workplace you work for but is to the people in need. How many have you been called in the neighborhood for an emergency? Yes, the bother can be something but the feeling of saving someone’s life is more than anything. Ethics and values are significant words in the world of nursing for it greatly affect how nursing services are delivered by a nurse. Ethics defines actions acceptable if it is done in ways which are consistent with one’s beliefs (Navran, 2010). Nursing practice is composed of many concepts that sometimes promote, adhere or contrasts with another. That is why nurses are sometimes caught in the dilemma brought about by clash of ideas. Ethical dilemmas such as DNR consent or advance directives can greatly affect the way nurses give care to patients. DNR for example can come in

Effect of YouTube on news media Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words - 1

Effect of YouTube on news media - Essay Example It is true that the new media is to a great extent democratic in its approach; still, there is no denying the fact that the new media is as vulnerable to doubtful news manipulation and sensationalism as the traditional news media. As per the surveys conducted in 2007, YouTube is the most visited website in the world, shadowed by only a few new media giants like Google.com, Yahoo.com and Baidu.com (Christensen, 2007, p. 36). Websites like YouTube have definitely democratized the process of news dissemination in the sense that they allow anyone to upload the news content without being censored, monitored, controlled or manipulated. However, YouTube is as much exposed to being exploited by the unscrupulous sources to broadcast falsified and objectionable content. YouTube amply allows the sources affiliated to unrestrained sensationalism to play with the viewer discretion and emotions. One of the most infamous examples in this context is that of ‘lonelygirl15’, a teenage blogger by the name of Bree, whose video clip revelations about the troubles and tribulations of growing up in modern times attracted gargantuan internet traffic of more than 37 million viewers on YouTube (Christensen, 2007, p. 37). To begin with the phenomenon signified the power of the new media, allowing a teenager with a webcam and a computer, sans media background being able to make millions of people around the world listen to what she had to say (Christensen, 2007, p. 37). However, it was in 2006 it was revealed that ‘lonelygirl15’ was the creation of two California based filmmakers (Christensen, 2007, p. 37). The final word was that though the falsity of the ‘lonelygirl15’ was revealed, the video clippings had astonishingly succe eded in creating a huge fan following for the internet celebrity, which could have been practically translated into favorable business ventures and endeavors. Thus YouTube has conclusively democratized the news media, yet

Ordinary Citizens mediated by professional journalists Essay

Ordinary Citizens mediated by professional journalists - Essay Example In this regard, the media plays a crucial linkage role between the social institutions through various genres and narrative styles. This paper will consider the purpose of a specific newspaper article as an example of media discourse to establish the kinds of institutional procedures and practices that may have influenced why the contents of the article may be deemed newsworthy. In addition to that, this paper will examine whether or not any of the article’s contents explicitly refer to the media’s role as a communication medium and how language style and specific instances of terminology have been used to convey the story, among other things. Section One The newspaper article that is under consideration due to its purpose as an example of Media discourse is by Calmes Jackie, and is titled â€Å"The First Lady Refuses to Let a Heckler Go Unscolded† (Calmes, 2013). This newspaper article appears in the New York Times Politics column of June 6, 2013; it is importan t to identify the source publication details of this article for cross reference purposes, to determine validity of the news item content in the source publication. ... inds of institutional procedures and practices; in this particular case, the newsworthiness of this article may have been influenced by the practical and financial concerns. Institutions are shaped by discourse, and they in turn have the capacity to create and impose discourses (Mayr, 2008); in this regard, it cannot always be guaranteed that the news media will be obliged to provide an impartial and balanced coverage of important social and political events that shape the global landscape. Like all other institutions, the news media’s attempt to create a universal image of impartiality and balanced news coverage is always constrained by practical and financial realities such as the need for sustained efficiency. For instance, the news media is often under pressure to increase revenue for shareholders; in this case, the profit motive determines the kinds of events that are considered newsworthy and because of this, newspapers have been accused in the past of trivializing impor tant issues (Reah, 1998). The news media procedures and practices eventually determine what news becomes, thus the news media only offers a partial view of the world that suits the interests of the socially and economically powerful (Bielsa and O’Donnell, n.d). The content of the article explicitly refers to the media’s role as a communication medium because it is deliberately structured by rhetoric and inclusive language that encompasses emotional and moral loading (Timucin, 2010), i.e. through scaffolding, or structuring of sentences and paragraphs to affect readers’ responses. Overall, the article mediates between meaning and socio-cultural reality, for instance, this article seeks to mediate reality by and through language (Talbot, 2007); such encoding is necessary for the purposes of

World Cuisines In Kerala Cultural Studies Essay

World Cuisines In Kerala Cultural Studies Essay Kerala was and is known all over the world for its rich spices. Hence from ancient times many people from the West and East came to Kerala in search of the rich and rare spices. This impact with the rest of the world had its effects on the culture, food and religion of the people of Kerala. Gradually the pure vegetarians became non-vegetarians. But they adopted their cooking of meat and fish to suit their convenience, palate and the availability of the ingredients around them. Thus they slowly evolved an indigenous cooking of their own which is a combination of distinctive cuisines and a harmonious fusion of many cultures and religions (Mathew, 2008). Owing to many reasons, much has changed in the culinary scenario of Kerala in the past four decades. The research looks to understand these changes and to obtain a clear picture of the dining trends and various aspects of the foods prepared in the households of Kerala today. 1.2 Aim of the Research The aim of the research is to analyse the changes in Kerala in the past four decades from a culinary perspective in terms of food, food preparation, eating and dining preferences of the natives. Change is inevitable and has many causes and effects. Over the last forty years, the economy of India has boomed. This is very evident in the state of Kerala. The migration of the natives to other states of India and other countries in search of better jobs and incomes has reflected upon the growth in the economy of the state as well. This led to major changes in lifestyle and also saw significant improvements in the items and provisions available on the market. All this has left the people of Kerala with better living conditions and a greater disposable income. This has also resulted in social exposure and cultural exchange to a great extent. Both partners in a married family doing jobs to support the family members is now common across the world, and it is no different in Kerala. This means that the availability of time to prepare meals at home is lesser. As a result of this people tend to use packaged ingredients to prepare food. Some even buy readymade dishes to have at home and many prefer to dine out since they cannot find enough time at home to cook meals. The research will examine all such changes in Kerala. 1.3 Motivation of the Research Gastronomy has become a major field of interest and study in the world today. People across the world are not only interested in their own cuisine and culture, but also that of other regions across the world. Being a student of Gastronomy, the researcher is keen to study the major changes in Kerala regarding the kind of food prepared in households and the changes in dining trends. The researcher would like to understand the religious and cultural taboos present in Kerala with regards to the type of food consumed and find out whether such ideologies are still being followed. 1.4 Objectives The researcher will be concentrating on understanding certain changes that took place in Kerala pertaining to the culinary world. To begin with, the researcher would examine the changes that have taken place in the way foods are prepared in households, i.e. how the preparation of ingredients have changed, how the utensils used to prepare food have changed and whether the dishes prepared in households are similar to what they were before. The researcher will also study the change in the dining trends in Kerala with a focus on the current dining trends in the major cities of Kerala including Thiruvananthapuram, Ernakulam and Kozhikode. 1.5 The Reach and Inadequacy of the Research This research in many of its aspects tends to obtain only a generalised view of the current culinary scenario of the state of Kerala. The study of the current dining trends is restricted to three major cities of Kerala. The research does not cover the cuisines of the minor communities present in the state. The time given for primary research is inadequate as there are many attributes to be covered in this study. The resources available for secondary research on this topic are few. 1.6 Research Structure The study has been divided into four chapters to provide a systematic representation of the research. The first chapter covers the aim and objectives of the research apart from an outline of the various cuisines of Kerala, festive foods and the major utensils used to prepare food in household kitchens across Kerala. Chapter two examines the research methodology where the qualitative method of research is a collection of data which is generated in verbal form. Observational surveys, depth interviews, open ended questionnaires, expert discourses and discussions are studied. The design of the research and methods of data collection and data analysis are discussed. In chapter three, the data obtained from primary research are analysed and interpreted to better understand the outcomes of the research. Chapter four summarises the findings, details the thoughts and opinions of the researcher and determines the scope for future research. At the end of the research, the researcher provides a bibliographical collage of notable works cited and referred to in the process of carrying out this study. 1.7 Kerala A Melting Pot of Cuisines Kerala cuisine as experienced today is an amalgamation of three different traditions Muslim, Christian and Hindu. Though all of them are made up of sub-denominational and regional practices and tastes, the Hindu tradition also has caste differentiations and overtones. 1.7.1 Moplah Cuisine The Malabar region of northern Kerala is the birthplace of the distinctive cuisine of the Moplahs, the Muslims of Kerala. The term Moplah derives itself from Mapillai, which means bridegroom or from Mahapillai which means a person held in high esteem. These Muslims are descendants of Arab traders who married local Kerala women, later expanding their ranks by conversion (Achaya, 2007). Majority of the Moplah population are settled in the northern districts of Kerala including Malapuram, Kozhikode, Wayanad, Kannur and Kasargod. The Moplah cuisine is noted for its liberal use of a wide variety of spices. 1.7.1.1 Dietary Laws Meats eaten by the Muslims are halal. They also abstain from consuming pork and alcohol as they are forbidden in Islam. 1.7.1.2 Specialities of the Cuisine This cuisine includes many kinds of biryanis and pilafs, not simply combining rice with meat and chicken, but also with many kinds of fish a natural development of a coastal state. Instead of using the long grained basmati that is the standard for biryanis and pilafs in northern India, Moplahs use kaima rice, a local short-grained variety. The Moplah biryani is made by cooking the rice, and meat or fish separately, arranging them in alternating layers, and baking with live coals from above and below. The mutton is cooked tender, and the rice is flaky. It is skilfully spiced with the right proportions of condiments. One difference between the Moplahs and the other Muslims of India is that the Moplahs do not make kebabs. Instead they have meats in a dry form or in rich gravies. Among their specialities is roast chicken made on the stovetop, instead of in a conventional oven. The chicken is stuffed with spices and a hard-boiled egg and slowly fried over a very low heat in a deep pot. Also, wheat and meat are combined in various ways. Wheat is coarsely ground for a porridge called aleesa, or it is left whole and combined with minced meat, for a dish called kiskiya. There are some exquisite dishes that are solely the product of Moplah imagination. One of the best known and most delicious dishes among the Moplahs is neichoru, which is rice fried in ghee with onions, cloves, cinnamon and cardamom. During the fasting month of Ramadan, the evenings dinner often consists of pathiri, and meat and chicken dishes. Pathiri is a bread made from rice flour. Some are thin like a chapati, some thick, and some are deep fried. After preparation it is sometimes soaked in coconut milk to keep it soft and to improve the flavour. The word pathiri comes from the Arabic word fateerah, which means pastry. Variants of pathiri include neypathiri which is prepared with ghee, poricha pathiri which is fried, irachi pathiri which is stuffed with meat and meen pathiri which is stuffed with fish. One of the most famous Moplah dishes is a dessert called mutta-maala, the literal meaning of which is A garland of eggs. Egg yolks are cooked in syrup until they form long strands. They are then removed from the syrup and spread out on a plate. An accompanying dessert, a snow-like pudding called Pinnanthappam, is then made by beating the egg whites until fluffy, blending them with the leftover syrup, and then cooking the mixture in a steamer. The soft, white confection is cut into diamonds and served with the yellow egg strands. The Kozhikode halwa is another famous dessert of the Moplahs. The Malabar Muslims have a distinguished culinary culture that flaunts tastes and flavours bearing strong influences of Arab, Mughal and local Kerala cuisine. 1.7.2 Syrian Christian Cuisine Christianity is believed to have reached Kerala in 52 A.D., much before it reached many European countries. Syrian Arab Christians fleeing persecution at the hands of the Muslims took refuge under the king of Kerala. They left a heavy influence on the cuisine of Kerala, which might explain why Keralian food is so different from its neighbouring Tamilian cuisine. It also explains the prevalence of non-vegetarian food in Keralian dishes. Kerala Syrian Christian Cuisine is basically the name given to the unique culinary style of the Syrian Christians, who live mainly in areas like Kottayam and Pala in Kerala. 1.7.2.1 Dietary Laws The most interesting feature of the Christian eating style is that the Christians do not have any dietary restrictions. All kinds of meats and alcohol can be consumed by them. All other non-Christian communities in India have certain restrictions on what they can eat or drink. 1.7.2.2 Specialities of the Cuisine The Syrian Christians have created a whole slew of recipes for meat including beef, pork, duck and chicken. Their best known dish is a Stew which combines pieces of meat with potatoes and a few other vegetables like carrots, beans and green peas in a lightly seasoned broth containing coconut milk. The stew is usually served with Appams, which are rice flour pancakes with white and thick but spongy centres, and golden, thin and crisp lacy edges. It can be a starter at an elaborate formal meal, or it can even be eaten at breakfast. According to late Ms. Thangam Philip, the Appam is a variation of the Dutch pancake with coconut milk, while Acchappam is a derivation of Dutch cookies (Kannampilly, 2003). Idiappam is another breakfast dish of cooked rice noodles, eaten with sweetened coconut milk or a meat or chicken curry. There are many types of Appams in Kerala. While the basic ingredient for any Appam is rice flour, the other ingredients, size and shapes vary. Among other Syrian Christian dishes there are several mouth-watering preparations. Chicken is cooked either in a spicy sauce made with both red and green chillies, star anise, and crushed cashew, or with grated and fried coconut. Duck is gently simmered with coconut milk. Beef Ularthiyathu has chunks of beef which are combined with large pieces of coconut and fried together with spices. This served with Kerala Parotta is also one of the most common meals at any thattukada. Thattukadas are the Kerala version of fast food joints. Other well known preparations include beef cutlets with Sallas (a salad made of sliced onions, green chillies and vinegar), Meen Peera a dry dish of fish with grated coconut, Meen Mulakittathu a fish preparation cooked in spicy red chilly gravy, and duck roast. Kappa Vevichathu is a mashed tapioca dish made by boiling pieces of tapioca combined with ground coconut and a variety of spices. It is tempered with mustard, curry leaves, brown onions and red chilli es. It is accompanied by Meen Mulakittathu. Other popular fish preparations include Meen Moilee and Meen Mappas, both of which are cooked in coconut milk. The Syrian Christians also brought with them their love for wild game including duck, and rabbit. The incorporation of these meats with the spices and cooking techniques that existed in India already created some very masterful dishes, including the stuffed, roasted duck that is eaten as part of a traditional Christmas feast. These people have made Kerala as well known for its variety of meat dishes as for its seafood dishes. 1.7.2.3 Savoury Dishes The main snack items include Acchappam, Neiappam, Unniyappam, Vattayappam and Avalose. Acchappam is a deep-fried rose-cookie made of rice, the name coming from the frame required to make it. It is a common snack item. Neiappam is a deep-fried, chewy dark doughnut made from toddy-fermented rice and jaggery. Unniyappam is made using rice flour, bananas, and jaggery in a special type of vessel called unniappa chatty. Its shape is somewhere between a small ball and a muffin. Vattayappam is a sweet, thick pancake made with rice flour, coconut milk, semolina and sugar. Resins and cashew nuts are also added for flavour. Avalose is a dish that uses a rice-coconut combination. The rice is fried in this. It can be eaten with jaggery, coconut and bananas. It can also be mixed with jaggery syrup and rolled into a ball, the size of a lemon, and is called Avalose unda. Wine is an important part of Kerala Syrian Christian cuisine. Another attractive trait of this cuisine is the liberal use of coconut oil, coconut milk, curry leaves and mustard seeds. 1.7.3 Hindu Cuisine The Hindus were the original natives of Kerala. Their cuisine primarily consisted of vegetarian dishes earlier, although some castes included certain non-vegetarian items in their cuisine. Majority of the Hindu population are settled in the southern and central districts of Kerala including Thiruvananthapuram, Kollam, Pathanamthitta, Alappuzha, Kottayam, Idukki, Ernakulam, Thrissur and Palakad. The Hindus of Kerala constitute primarily of three castes, including Ezhavas, Nairs and Nampoothiris. 1.7.3.1 Dietary Laws Consumption of beef and alcohol is strictly prohibited among all Hindus of Kerala and doing so often resulted in violence or excommunication during the pre-independence era. The Nampoothiris are strict vegetarians and avoid the use of garlic and onion. 1.7.3.2 Specialities of the Cuisine The Ezhavas form the largest Hindu community in Kerala. Appam and stew are the common breakfast items. The stew varies from fish in coconut milk with bits of mango, mutton in coconut milk, or merely sweetened coconut milk. A bread speciality is nai-patthal, in the shape of a starfish. Pachadi, a curd based dish made of finely chopped and boiled vegetables with coconut, green or red chillies and tempered in oil with mustard seeds, ginger and curry leaves is a famous dish of the Ezhavas. Desserts include various types of Pradhaman, which is prepared by boiling a certain main ingredient like green gram, banana, jackfruit or cooked rice flakes in coconut milk and flavouring with palm jaggery, cardamom and ginger powder and tempering with fried cashew nuts, raisins and coconut chips. The Nairs form the second largest Hindu community in Kerala. Traditionally, majority of Nairs were non-vegetarians as consumption of fish was permitted, while some sub-castes were strict vegetarians. Chicken and mutton dishes are also prepared in many Nair homes nowadays, but they were prohibited earlier. Breakfast items include Puttu, which is a steamed rice cake. Rice powder is moistened and layered with fresh shredded coconut and steamed in a special utensil called a puttu kutti. It is accompanied by either kadala (chickpea) curry, bananas, sugar, papadam, egg curry or boiled green lentils. Certain vegetable varieties though eaten by all Keralites, have special Nair associations. Popular dishes include Sambhar, Aviyal, Kaalan and Olan. Aviyal is a mix of a variety of vegetables including beans, carrot, yam, drumstick, etc. which are cooked with curd, ground coconut, shallots and turmeric powder and seasoned with coconut oil. Kaalan is prepared using plantain, curd and coconut. Olan is a dish of white pumpkin and dried beans cooked in coconut milk and coconut oil. Ada Prathaman and Paal-Payasam are common dessert items. The domestic cooking of meat and chicken by the Nairs is spiced and uses a great deal of coconut and coconut milk which tempers the dish to mildness. The Nampoothiris are Brahmins. Thoran is a chief dish of Nampoothiris. It is a dry dish made by stir frying vegetables with coconut and some spices. There are a variety of thorans, including cabbage thoran, carrot and beans thoran, ivy gourd thoran, etc. Thorans can be made with almost every vegetable. 1.8 Onam Sadya Onam is the most important festival of Kerala and is celebrated by all Keralites. It occurs during Chigam, the first month of the Malayalam calendar, which is between August and September. It marks the homecoming of the legendary King Mahabali. At the core of the festival is the Onam Sadya or Onasadya, a feast of almost 13 to 15 dishes. This can go up to 30 dishes at sadyas served in hotels and temples. Some of the main dishes include Sambar, Erisseri, Parippu, Thoran, Olan, Kaalan, Pachadi, Injipulli, Aviyal, Plantain Chips, Sharkara Varatti, pickle and Pappadam. Desserts include Paalada Pradhaman and Parippu Pradhaman. The sadya is always served on a banana leaf and is a completely vegetarian meal. 1.9 Earth, Stone and Metal The Cooking Utensils of Kerala The best known Malayali cooking utensil is the uruli made of bell metal. It is circular, squat and wide-mouthed and comes in many sizes. The other metallic utensils are the charakku, a large round cauldron with handles on either side of the rim, and the vaarpu, a large pan made of bronze. All these utensils are used to make payasam, sambar and curries, except kalan, pachadi, chutneys and pickles as they are sour. These dishes are made in a kalchatti, a utensil carved out of soft stone, with a mouth wider than its base. Generally a kalchatti is tall with the height being more than the circumference. The uruli, charakku and kalchatti get hot gradually and retain heat for some time, hence they are used for cooking everything except rice. The cooking of rice is done in a chembu, a low, wide-mouthed utensil made of copper a metal that heats quickly. Various long-handled metal spatulas of different types are used for stirring payasam and different types of gravy items. Generally wooden ladles are used for the vegetables so as not to bruise them and to transfer rice from the chembu into the serving baskets. Fish is cooked in a flat-bottomed, open-mouthed terracotta vessel called the meenchatti (meaning cooking utensil for fish). The Kerala style of preparing fish generally calls for slow cooking. This leads to two problems. The curry could easily brown and stick to the base of the vessel and stirring it could lead to the disintegration of the fish. Holding the rim of the vessel with both hands and swirling the curry around prevents these mishaps. The structure and design of the meenchatti allows for all these. It retains heat inside for a long time, thus aiding in slow cooking, and remains just warm enough on the outside, to permit the gentle swirling. The kadhai is used for all stir-fried dishes and for deep frying. In Malayalam, the kadhai is called cheenachatti. The appachatti is used for making Appam, the sevanazhi or idiappam press for Idiappam, and the puttukutti for puttu.

Fear of Flying: More Than a Feminist Novel :: Feminism Feminist Women Criticism

Fear of Flying: More Than a Feminist Novel The fears of Isadora: Her religion (Semi-Jewish), her love life (second husband, seventh analyst; Bennett), her gender (a woman in America! In the sixties!), her career (Writer: one book), sex (are women supposed to enjoy that?), her mother (Jude, an artist who danced naked in France), her sisters (all married, with at least two children apiece), her children (none), her name (Isadora White? Isadora Wing? Isadora White Stollerman Wing Goodlove?) and flying; Isadora has a fear of flying. Some would say that Fear of Flying , by Erica Jong is merely a feminist novel. It is, but it's more than that. Fear of Flying is a novel about a woman in search of her name and the source of her fears; it is a novel about inner conflict. The main character of the novel is Isadora, a woman in her early thirties in the late sixties. What begins as a work related trip to Vienna with her analyst husband ends as a journey filled with personal revelations. At the conference Isadora develops an infatuation which fuels her need to discover "what is wrong" with her. Traveling throughout Europe with a man who is not her husband she discovers her true self through her complete loss of security. Therein lies the principal irony of Fear of Flying; the journey that the main character takes in order to gain the traits that she sees in her heroines only leads her to find that they were hidden within herself. Isadora is the charicature of irony itself. The opening chapter sets the tone for the entire novel, which is written like a conversation with one's analyst: casual but intimate. Her odyssey, in fact, begins on a plane full of psychoanalysts. As she puts it: she'd been "treated by at least six of them. And married a seventh." (p. 1) This is a great example of Isadora's outwardly nonchalant views of her own problems. Her own view of her life and her inner monologue pull the reader into her literal and symbolic fear of flying and her lifelong struggle with them. From the beginning she shares with us thirteen years of analysis and counting, yet it is the 336 pages in which we watch her slowly untangle her own conflicts that show the readers the lesson which we were intended to learn. Isadora is an extremely intelligent character.